تدوينات

Commission For Social Care Inspection An independent organisation established by the Health and Social Care (Community Health Standards) Act 2003. …

Working with Suppliers and Contractors   As an interior decorator you will likely need to buy products from a variety …

Draft: A first copy that will probably need amending or updating before the final copy is produced. For example, a …

Amortise: The writing off of intangible assets such as goodwill and leases. According to IAS 38 intangible assets should be …

McGregor, D  (1906-1964): An American psychologist whose book The Human Side of Enterprise  (first published 1960; Penguin, 1987) popularised his …

HIV The human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that can cause AIDS. The virus gradually multiplies inside the body of an …

Epithelial Tissues Groups of specialised cells  forming layers which cover or line the surfaces of organs. There are different types …

Serial Processing A type of information processing where information is processed in a series of stages. Most consciously processed information …

Exercise Programmes Are designed to meet the exercise needs of the service user. They should be carefully planned, monitored and …

Theory Of  Mind An understanding that other people possess mental states that involve ideas and views of the world that …

Sacking: Dismissal by an employer. This may be for a breach of contract or redundancy.

علم النفس السريري Clinical Psychology يعرف علم النفس السريري بأنه العلم الذي يهتم بدراسة الخلل السلوكي و قياسه و تقويمه …

International Competitiveness Depends on a wide range of factors and determines how successful a firm is in selling exports and …

Interior designer skills   To do their job properly, interior designers must be educated in a number of areas. To …

كيف تدير مشروعك الخاص ؟   بعد أن تقوم بدراسة السوق و اختيار فكرة المشروع ‏و بدء مشروعك الحقيقي بشكل …

Corporate Killing: An offence whereby a company is found responsible for the death of one or more of its employees. …

Economically Active/Inactive: That part of the population that is economically active is either working (employed or self-employed) or available for …

Domiciliary Services Are health and social care services which are available in the home. One example of these is the …

External Financing  Means obtaining capital resources from outside the firm’s resources or accounts. This can only be done in one …

School: Suffolk CollegeStreet: Rope WalkTown: IpswichCounty: SuffolkPostcode: IP4 1LTHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.suffolk.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01473 255885Fax: 01473 230054  Type: tertiary …

Organisational Chart:   A diagram showing the lines of authority and layers of hierarchy  within an organisation. To be effective, the …

Cash Discount: An allowance that can be deducted from the total amount shown on an invoice  if the debt is …

Devaluation  Is the deliberate decision by a government to reduce the value of its currency in relation to foreign currencies. …

Equality And Human Rights Commission  Was set up in October 2007. Its main objectives are to: •    Build positive relationships …

Salmonella A group of bacteria  which causes certain types of food poisoning  . Salmonella bacteria are found in raw meat …

Accrued Expenses: Those revenue expenses that remain unpaid at the financial year end.

Partnership Exists when two or more persons join together in business with a view to profit.

Symbols Are signs which represent an object, route or situation and convey a message to the reader. Examples in health …

Software in your office   Many computers already have the basic software needed to run a business. While Microsoft Office and …

Historic Cost Is the original purchase price paid for an asset. The principle of valuing assets at their historic cost …

Watt’s Funhaler Part toy, part medical device, the funhaler uses positive reinforcement (a hooting whistle and spinning disks) to make …

Separation  Is the state of a young child or person who has been taken from their parent or primary care …

British Heart Foundation A voluntary organisation which aims to highlight the issues relating to heart disease. Heart surgeons, hospital doctors, …

Humanistic Psychology A more recent development in the history of psychology, humanistic psychology grew out of the need for a …

Nutrition Standards For School Lunches And Other School Food 2006 Regulations introduced by the government which cover how food should …

ما هو مفهوم الثقة بالنفس وتقدير الذات للإنسان وهل يتم ارسال المقررات pdf أم فيديو عند الدراسة معكم ؟ يعتمد …

Marginal Revenue Product (MRP): The extra sales revenue generated by the input of one more unit of a factor of …

External Recruitment Means appointing someone from outside the business, i.e. a person new to the business. Inevitably they could bring …

Ex turpi causa non oritur actio Means an action in negligence cannot be based on an illegal action. This stops …

رعايه الطفل، الأطفال نعمة كبيرة تتطلب العناية الكافية من الأسرة لتحقيق أهداف التربية السليمة و إنتاج أطفال أصحاء على مستوى …

Offer of amends A defence in defamation . It is only available to someone who took all reasonable care, acted without …

ما هي أهداف المحاسبة الإدارية   ‏المحاسبة الإدارية تُمثل إحدى أهم التخصصات الإدارية المحورية في ميدان العلوم الإدارية و المحاسبية …

كيف يتم التسجيل في دورات الموارد البشرية المجانية الموجودة لديكم ؟ لا تقدم الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم العالي برامج دراسية …

yuppie: a 1980s’ label describing a supposedly new class of young upwardly mobile professionals devoted to smart but faddish lifestyles.

Parental leave Those who are employed have the right to take up to 13 weeks’ leave for each child up …

ما هو افضل مكان يقدم امتحان CMA؟ تساعد شهادة برنامج محاسب إداري معتمد من بريطانيا على تنمية قدرات المحاسبين و …

School: East London CollegeStreet: Panther HouseTown: LeytonstoneCounty: LondonPostcode: E11 4RDHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: Alumni Website: Tel: 020 8539 2224 Fax: 020 …

Foresight of consequences An aspect of the criminal law on intention . The issue is whether a defendant who realises …

Base Rate: A term used in the recent past for the interest rate at which the Bank of England lends …

Leisure Is free time. People will have different ways of using their leisure time, such as watching television and videos, …

Convergent thinking A form of thinking normally associated with problem-solving and intelligence, or any other type of task where the individual …

The President’s Office   In some companies, especially smaller ones, the President or Chief Executive Officer can decide on their …

Sensitive Period A term that has gradually replaced the related term critical period .It refers to a period in the …

هل يمكن الحصول على شهادة دراسات عليا بريطانية معتمدة بدون تكلفة باهظة   في الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم العالي حصراً؛ …

Innocent misrepresentation In a contract, a misrepresentation which has not been made negligently nor fraudulently. If there has been innocent …

 كيف احصل علي دراسة متخصصة لتعليم أسس الإدارة الصحية ؟ تعتبر الإدارة الصحية من المجالات الهامة التي تعني بتنظيم وتخطيط …

Responsible marketing: Focusing the business not only on what customers want, but also on what is ethically or environmentally justifiable. …

إدارة المبيعات – Sales Management   البيع هو ذلك النشاط الذي يتمثل في ممارسة التخطيط من أجل تصريف منتجات و …

Invisible Export The sale of a service to an overseas customer. As well as services such as banking, airline travel …

Public Limited Company (PLC): A company with limited liability (Ltd) and shares which can be bought by the general public. …

Representation (criminal law) For the purpose of s2 of the Fraud Act 2006, a representation means any representation as to …

Invisible Export: The sale of a service to a customer based overseas. Financial services, insurance, air travel and tourism all …

الشهادات المتقدمة في إدارة الأعمال السياحية من بريطانيا The Advanced Certificates in Tourist Business Administration   السياحة من أهم مصادر …

Taylor, F W /1856–1915  An American engineer who invented work study  and founded the scientific approach to management. He emphasised …

Strict liability (in tort) Means the defendant is liable even if he has taken all reasonable precautions. In most torts, …

Random Allocation Refers to the way in which experimenters divide participants into the different experimental conditions so that there is …

Maladaptive Thoughts Patterns of thinking and behaviour that cause or maintain emotional problems. Maladaptive thinking may be accompanied by irrational …

Arbitration Is resolving a dispute by appointing an independent person or panel to judge the appropriate outcome. The arbitrator will …

Written contract One which is written down rather than agreed by word of mouth or by actions. Normally it does …

Depot Is a storage area or warehouse, usually to hold stocks for local distribution.

Tardive Dyskinesia A syndrome that is sometimes experienced as a side-effect of anti-psychotic drugs. It is characterised by involuntary movements …

Participative leadership   Involves consulting with subordinates and evaluating their opinions and suggestions before making a decision.

كيف يتم الانتساب في إدارة الأعمال ؟ يحتاج الطالب للانتساب في برامج إدارة الأعمال في الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم العالي …

Legal Executives Work in solicitors’ firms as assistants dealing with the more straightforward cases and routine matters. To become a …

Bilateral Talks or arrangements are those that occur between two parties. Therefore discussions on trade between the American and British …

هل شهادة CPE معترف بها في الدول العربية؟ تتيح الدراسة في برنامج مهندس محترف معتمد من بريطانيا للطلاب و الدارسين …

Agentic state The condition individuals are in when they see themselves as agents for carrying out another person’s wishes. In …

Legal Services Commission Set up by the Access to Justice Act 1999 to maintain and develop the Community Legal Service …

ACP States Are the African, Caribbean and Pacific states which had colonial links with member countries of the European Union. …

لماذا يعتبر الحصول على شهادة الماجستير من بريطانيا الطريق الأصح للحصول على أرقى مستويات التعليم   ربما يجهل البعض أن …

Paradoxical Sleep Another term used to describe REM sleep . It was so called because when a person is in …

Implied term A term of a contract which has not been discussed by the parties and expressly included in it, but …

Credit Note: A document informing a business customer that its account has been credited, probably due to an unintentional overcharge …

Youth Justice Board Set up by the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 to monitor the provision and operation of the …

Price Maker:  Another term for price leader.

Relative Poverty Means lacking the income needed to lead a normal life in the society concerned. It reflects the variations …

Foraging A term used to describe the ways in which animals satisfy their nutritional requirements. Foraging types can be classified …

Pollution  Means contamination of some kind. It is usually referred to in the context of the environment, where pollution can …

First-Mover Advantage Can mean that one particular firm can be first into a new market or the first to develop …

Sales administration  is the process of controlling paperwork and electronic systems to ensure efficient delivery to, and payment from, customers. …

Physiology The science which is the study of the functions of the various parts of the body.

Decentralisation Means devolving power from the head office to the local branches or divisions. This includes passing authority for decision-making …

Natural Wastage The process of natural labour turnover as employees retire, leaves to have children, or leave for other jobs, …

School: St Clare’s International CollegeStreet: 139 Banbury RoadTown: OxfordCounty: OxfordshirePostcode: OX2 7ALHeadteacher/Principal: Paula HollowaySchool Website: http://www.stclares.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01865 552031Fax: …

Personality Disorders Contents Personality Personality types The  importance of personality Personality as predisposition Personality as a pathoplastic  factor Personality in …

Solvency ratios  measure the ability of an organisation to cover its external liabilities with its assets. Two main ratios are …

College of West Anglia Main Campus Tennyson Avenue King’s Lynn Norfolk PE30 2QW t: 01553 761144 f: 01553 770115 e: …

Making the Design Boards   You will be putting your samples onto picture matting or heavy poster board, which you …

Corporate Responsibility Reflects the extent to which a firm accepts obligations to any group of people other than the shareholders …

Communication Skills   Verbal Skills Verbal communication skills come into play when you are selling yourself to potential clients. Many …

PAYE Stands for ‘pay-as-you-earn’, which is a system of income tax payment allowing employees to have their tax assessed for …

Founders Shares Are also known as deferred shares.

ما هي أفضل الجامعات للدراسة عن بعد ؟   عند الرغبة في الدراسة عن بعد يتوجب أن يقوم الدارس بانتقاء …

  Protein, Carbohydrate and Fat Dietary Requirements Proper nutrition requires a balanced intake of Protein, Carbohydrates and Fat. Protein and …

ما هي الاتجاهات الحديثة في ادارة الموارد البشرية وهل يتم تسليم المقررات pdf ام كتب ورقية ؟ تتضمن الاتجاهات الحديثة …

Targets Give specific objectives for economic policies, thus focusing the minds of those who will implement the policies. They provide …

Small Companies: By definition, small companies must fulfil two of the following criteria: •    a turnover not exceeding £6 500 …

Marginal Rate of Leakage: That proportion of an increase in income which leaks out of the circular flow of national …

Causation in Negligence: The breach of the duty of care must directly cause the injury that the claimant suffered and …

Market Penetration (1):  A marketing strategy based on building on a firm’s strength with its existing products in their existing …

الشهادات المتقدمة في الجودة الشاملة من بريطانيا The Advanced Certificates in Total Quality Management     يرتبط مفهوم الجودة الشاملة …

كيف تكون مزايا دراسة الادارة التنفيذية بنظام التعليم عن بعد ؟   ‏تتميز دراسة الادارة التنفيذية بنظام التعليم عن بعد …

Task of the personnel manager     Assisting the general manager as well as all line managers in achieving positive …

Select Wall Treatments   After you and your client have determined the color scheme for the room and selected an …

Human Capital Consists of knowledge and skills acquired by individuals. It may be acquired in a formal way through education …

BBC prison study A study carried out by social psychologists Alex Haslam and Stephen Reicher and broadcast on the BBC in …

Getting Paid   One of the good things about being an interior decorator is that you do not have to …

كيفية الدراسة في برامج السلامة المهنية والأمن الصناعي ؟ تتم الدراسة في برامج السلامة المهنية والأمن الصناعي وجميع البرامج التي …

Retail  Audit:  A form of secondary research that measures the retail sales and market share  of all major brands within …

Hot Money: Speculative flows on foreign exchange markets. It is possible to hold large cash balances in order to gamble …

Ordinary Share Or equity represents part ownership in a joint-stock company. Ordinary shareholders receive dividends on the capital they invest, …

Current Events and Trends   Read magazines like Entertainment Weekly to keep up with what’s hot in TV shows, current …

School: New CollegeStreet: Pelham AvenueTown: County: NottsPostcode: NG5 1ALHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.ncn.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 0115 9 100 100Fax:  Type: tertiary …

Money Supply Can be measured in a number of ways, from a very narrow definition simply including notes and coins …

أريد شرح شروط تعليم الادارة العامة في السعودية ؟ يشترط للتسجيل في برنامج الماجستير التخصصي في الادارة العامة من بريطانيا …

White Blood Cells  (Leucocytes) These are cells produced in the red bone marrow and the lymph glands. They have nuclei, …

School: South Eastern Regional College – Kircubbin CampusStreet: 22 Blackhall StreetTown: KircubbinCounty: Co. DownPostcode: BT22 2QUHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: Alumni Website: …

Corruption: Using bribes to influence politicians or officials to secure a favourable decision. Corruption has a very bad effect on …

ما هي متطلبات التعليم عن بعد   ‏ هناك بعض المتطلبات التقنية التي يجب توفرها من أجل تصميم نظام التعليم عن …

Information Technology -IT  Includes the use of three electronic technologies: computing, telecommunications and microelectronics, and the way they gather, store, …

Income in Advance Is shown in the balance sheet  as other payables. It represents monies that have been paid by …

Price Competition Means the rivalry between firms which use price as a way of attracting consumers. It contrasts with non-price …

Transfer of property order An order made by the court on divorce or separation that one spouse transfer to the …

Sunrise industry:  One positioned in a rapidly growing market, usually based on new technology and innovation.

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Was established after the Second World War to encourage the growth of international …

Biological rhythms Like the seasons of the year and the rhythm of the tides, the body also has its rhythms. …

كلية لندن للإلكترونيات – London Electronics College LONDON ELECTRONICS COLLEGE 20 Penywern Road Kensington LONDON SW5 9SU t: 020 7373 …

Hit-and-Run Competition Comes from firms which enter the market expecting to make immediate profits and then make a rapid exit …

Manual handling risk assessments Manual handling training   Training alone will not reduce manual handling injuries – there still need …

Placenta The mass of tissue  which develops within the uterus  of a pregnant  woman. It contains blood vessels. Oxygen and …

School: Ludlow CollegeStreet: Castle SquareTown: LudlowCounty: ShropshirePostcode: SY8 1GDHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.ludlow-college.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01584 872846Fax: 01584 876012  Type: tertiary …

Variable: A measurement that changes over time and in turn causes other changes to take place. In the macro-economy, changes …

Childcare Act 2006 An Act of Parliament with a focus on early years and childcare. The Act takes into account …

Unpaid Work Requirement A requirement under a community order which can be imposed on offenders aged 16 and over. It requires …

Involuntary Unemployment Includes all those unemployed people who have made determined efforts to find work and will accept what work …

Non-Participant Observation A type of observational technique where the researcher observes the behaviour of an individual or group without intruding …

Consent and offences against the person In some circumstances, the fact that the other person consented to an assault will …

Columnar Presentation of Income Statements Is a useful source of financial information with regard to the profitability of different departments …

Quality of Life: Recent research into the cost-effectiveness of particular medical treatments now measures quality of life achieved. This is …

Capital Punishment Means the death penalty for criminal offences. In England and Wales the death penalty was abolished for murder …

ما هو تعريف الادارة الصحية وكيف أقوم بالتسجيل في برنامج ماجستير الإدارة الصحية معكم ؟   أصبح مجال الإدارة الصحية …

Instrumental Aggression A form of aggression where the primary aim is not to inflict pain on the victim, but to …

Social Categorisation The ordering of the social environment by an individual in terms of social categories, i.e. groupings of people …

Health And Social Care Act 2008 An Act of Parliament which sets out measures to integrate and modernise health and …

School: Oxford and Cherwell CollegeStreet: Oxpens RoadTown: OxfordCounty: OxfordshirePostcode: OX1 1SAHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.ocvc.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01865 550550Fax: 01865 551386 …

مدرسة اللغة الإنجليزية في لندن يقبل العديد من الناس في مختلف أنحاء العالم على دراسة اللغة الإنجليزية لأهميتها الكبيرة في …

Pattern of Trade: The way in which an economy trades with different parts of the world and in different products. …

كيفية التسجيل في جامعة إدارة الأعمال ؟   تقدم الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم العالي كونها أفضل جامعة تقدم خدمات التعليم …

Ad Valorem Tax: A tax which is charged as a proportion of the price. The tax will be set as …

Multinational: A firm which operates in a number of different countries. It could have retail outlets (like Body Shop) or …

Transparency Occurs when a deal or decision is made in an open manner, so that all those affected understand the …

جامعة جلاسكو كالدونيان – Glasgow Caledonian University Student Recruitment & Admissions Service City Campus Cowcaddens Road Glasgow G4 0BA t: …

Demerit Good: A good which has been found through the political process to be socially undesirable. Illegal drugs provide the …

Anaclitic identification A tendency for the child to identify with the primary love object such as a parent who is supportive …

School: Walford and North Shropshire CollegeStreet: Shrewsbury RoadTown: OswestryCounty: ShropshirePostcode: SY11 4QBHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.wnsc.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01691 688000Fax: 01691 …

Grant of Representation The general term which covers the grant of probate and the grant of letters of administration . …

What is work study is the systematic measurement of working processes and timings with the intention of identifying the best …

Bin Card: A name given to an inventory record card.

Bank Overdraft: An amount that is owed to a bank on a current account. An overdraft arises when cheques are …

Making off without payment An offence under s3 of the Theft Act 1978. It is committed when a person who …

FOB Shipping Point Appears on import and export invoices  and means that the supplier pays all costs until the goods …

Social Power Refers to the influence that one person has over another, whilst remaining relatively immune to the same effect …

Wage Rate The price of labour  . When wage rates change, the change may be real or it may be …

ما هي شروط القبول وطريقة التسجيل في البرامج الموجودة في قسم الموارد البشرية علي موقعكم ؟ يقوم الراغب بالتسجيل في …

Control strategies for pedestrian hazards 7.3.1 Slips, trips and falls on the same level   These may be prevented or, …

Quality Circle A discussion group that meets regularly to identify quality problems, consider alternative solutions and recommend a suitable outcome …

كلية فارنبره للتكنولوجيا – Farnborough College of Technology Boundary Road Farnborough Hampshire GU14 6SB t: 01252 407028 f: 01252 407041 …

Forced-Choice Item Refers to any test where respondents have to choose one of a number of alternative responses. For example, …

Wealth The total value of possessions held by an individual or a society. It is usually distinguished from income, because …

Blood Flow The way in which blood  is pumped around the body via the heart  . The speed of blood …

Penetration Pricing: A strategy of employing low prices in order to gain a foothold in a new market. The same …

اريد الحصول علي شهادة مستشار في الإدارة الصحية ؟ للحصول علي شهادة لدراسة برنامج مستشار الإدارة الصحية من خلال الأكاديمية …

Duxbury calculation Used in divorce when calculating financial provision to work out what investments are needed to provide a certain …

Headline Unemployment Is the total number of registered unemployed, as measured by the claimant count . This covers all those …

Strategic objectives are wide-ranging, long-term goals of significance to the operations of a whole organisation. For example, a firm that …

Shorting: Selling a company’s shares with the intention of buying them back once the price has fallen. ‘Shorting a stock’ …

Sexism  Is discrimination  or unfair treatment of an individual on the basis of their gender group. It involves attitudes  , …

ما هي برامج الادارة الصحية المتاحة لديكم وهل سيتم استلام المقررات pdf أو فيديو ؟ توفر الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم …

PAYE (Pay As You Earn): A method of collecting income tax. Income tax is deducted from the employee’s wage by …

أنظمة المعلومات يتسم العصر الحديث بالحاجة الشديدة للمعلومات سواء للفرد أو للمؤسسات و يمكن تعريف أنظمة المعلومات بأنها مجموعة من …

Xenophobia Definition   A fear of strangers or strange places, although this is popularly recognised as a fear of foreigners

مبنى مدرسة اللغة الانجليزية في العاصمة لندن   صور مبنى مدرسة اللغة الانجليزية في العاصمة لندن بالإضافة إلى خريطة الوصول …

Pollution The release of poisonous substances, fluids and vapours into the environment. These can have harmful effects on the soil …

Early Years Curriculum The curriculum that all children follow, providing a foundation for learning from birth to five years. This …

International Marketing Planning and executing a strategy for marketing products or services throughout the world. This might be done through …

Components Are manufactured parts used within production or assembly. They might be bought in from suppliers or produced within the …

scale of production:  a measure of a company’s output level, usually in relation to competitors or to trends over time. …

Reductionism A belief that the subject matter of psychology can more properly be explained within the framework of the physical …

Compensatory award An award which can be made by an employment tribunal in a case of unfair dismissal in addition …

Dividends: The rewards paid to shareholders  out of the profits of a limited company  . The dividends are paid to …

Transfer Payments Occur when government revenue from one part of society, e.g. taxpayers, is paid to another part. The best-known …

هل برامج الصحه النفسيه للطفل الموجودة علي موقعكم معتمدة ؟ تقدم الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم العالي برامج متخصصة في علم …

Sampling Refers to the process by which research psychologists attempt to select a representative group from the population under study. …

Management By Objectives -MBO A method of coordinating and motivating a workforce by dividing the company’s overall goal into specific …

Data Facts of any kind, whether in number or verbal form. Although this is the correct explanation, business people are …

Machiavellian Intelligence An adaptation to social problem-solving in large groups of animals. This form of intelligence enables individual animals to …

  Introduction to Health and Safety at work Selection and control of contractors                            It is important that health and …

written warning: the second stage in the formal procedure by which an employee can legally be dismissed for inadequate performance.

Affirm: A method of promising to tell the truth when giving evidence in court. It is used where a witness …

Police interviews of suspects Must be tape-recorded if the interview takes place at a police station. Suspects have the right …

Deferred Income Account Is another name used by clubs to record life membership  subscriptions or entrance fees.

Solvency: The ability to pay all outstanding debts when they fall due. source documents: the primary sources of information that …

Pricing Tactics: Ways of using price to take advantage of a short-term opportunity or threat, e.g. loss leader, psychological pricing …

Sole Trader: An individual who runs a small business, who may or may not have employees, but does not have …

Badge Engineering Means selling products that are mechanically identical, but which are distinguished by different brand names (‘badges’). This used …

Partnership Dissolution Might occur when: •    a partner dies •    a partner retires •    a partner is bankrupt (see bankruptcy …

Scarcity: The term used to describe the fact that people’s wants and needs always exceed the resources available to satisfy …

Business Cycle: The rise and fall in trade within the economy that tends to be repeated on a regular basis. …

Arbitrage Is trading between two or more markets when profitable opportunities arise. For example, if the pound equals 1.25 Swiss …

Conveyancing The legal transfer of ownership of land. This includes buying and selling houses. Solicitors used have a monopoly (sole …

Revenue Is the total value of sales made within a trading period.   FORMULA: 

Memory-Practical Applications Research into the processes involved in memory and forgetting has enabled psychologists to develop a number of techniques …

Lungs Are the main organs of respiration. There is a right and a left lung. They fill the thoracic cavity …

Capital Budgeting: The process of appraising proposed capital expenditure.The major evaluation techniques used by UK businesses are payback, accounting rate …

Entrepreneur An individual who is willing to take risks and who makes the decision to go into production. The entrepreneur …

Basic definitions Some definitions Some basic definitions  relevant to risk assessment are reproduced here.   Electricity is an example of …

إدارة المخازن Warehouse Management تمثل إدارة المخازن واحدة من أهم الإدارات في المؤسسات حيث تعتبر الإدارة المختصة بالاحتفاظ بالبضائع و …

Growth Rate: The percentage increase in GDP each year. This does tend to overstate the improvement in the standard of …

Profit Utilisation: How a firm uses the profit it makes, perhaps by investing in the growth of the firm or …

Cardiovascular disorder Refers to any disorder of the heart (e.g. coronary heart disease) and circulatory system (e.g. hypertension – high …

Anti-Dumping Measures Are designed to prevent other countries from selling their products at a price lower than their costs of …

Statutory instruments Rules or regulations made by government ministers or departments by way of delegated legislation

whistle blower: an individual whose sense of moral outrage leads him or her to expose wrongdoing within an organisation, either …

Counter-Inflation Policy If inflation is accelerating, the Bank of England may adopt contractionary monetary policies, by raising interest rates. This …

Public Sector Borrowing: Total borrowing by the public sector . Public sector net borrowing shows the amount of borrowing needed …

ما هي أهمية دراسة محاسبة التكاليف ؟  ‏ تأتي أهمية دراسة محاسبة التكاليف من أهمية محاسبة التكاليف و التي تعتبر …

Field Dependence/Independence Refers to the degree to which an individual’s perception is influenced by the background environment (the field). The …

Trade Receivables: Amounts owed to a business by credit customers who have not yet settled their account. They are shown …

Criterion Level: The thresholds set by senior management as a way of appraising the acceptability of an investment proposal. The …

Parkinson’s Disease A movement disorder characterised by a continual rapid tremor in the limbs, a lack of sensory-motor co-ordination and …

Blood Groups A system used to categorise blood types. Red blood cells have protein molecules on their cell surface membranes. …

Interviewer techniques are the ways executives should prepare for, carry out and follow up a job or appraisal interview. The …

Mortgage A form of commercial loan, secured against a specific property asset. It may or may not be at a …

Debenture A fixed-interest, long-term security with underlying collateral  , usually land. So a £100 000 10 per cent debenture dated …

Birth Rate: The average number of live births occurring in a year per 1000 population. Information derived from the birth …

Savings Ratio Measures the rate of saving, i.e. saving as a proportion of GDP. In the long term, the growth …

Credit Insurance Involves paying a fee (premium) in return for the guarantee that if a customer fails to pay for …

Social Learning Theory The basic assumption of this theory is that people learn not through direct reinforcement but through the …

Internalising Externalities Means finding a way to turn an external cost  into an internal cost. For example, if a firm …

Maternal Deprivation Is the way in which a child reacts when separated for extended periods of time from their mother …

ما هي أهمية المحاسبة الادارية ؟    ‏تكمن أهمية المحاسبة الإدارية من كونها أحد أهم مجالات المحاسبة التي تعتمد عليها …

Determine What the Room Will Be Used for   When making plans for the layout of a room, it is …

School: Shrewsbury College of Arts and TechnologyStreet: London RoadTown: ShrewsburyCounty: ShropshirePostcode: SY2 6PRHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.shrewsbury.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01743 342342Fax: …

جامعة كامبريدج University of Cambridge      كلية كلير بجامعة كامبريدج مع تاريخ يمتد إلى 800 سنة (مما يجعلها ثاني أقدم …

Anti-Social Behaviour Behaviour that does not conform to that which is considered normal or the ‘norm’ by certain groups of …

Unavoidable Costs Are incurred by businesses whether business activity takes place or not.

Limited Liability  Is the idea that the owners (shareholders) are financially responsible only for the amount they have invested in …

Exit The way in which businesses may leave the market, or close down altogether, if their product has begun to …

Environment: The surroundings in which people live and firms operate. The natural environment includes all the natural resources which affect …

Fixed Costs Are the expenses that do not alter in relation to changes in demand or output (in the short …

Distance selling Selling goods through mail order, Internet, telephone, fax, etc. Where this is done by a business to private …

Cost Model Is cost less accumulated depreciation  and impairment losses.

Volunteer Bias The belief that participants who volunteer for a research investigation may differ in significant ways from non–volunteers, therefore …

Perceptual Set A person’s predisposition to respond to particular stimuli in a certain manner, i.e. we perceive what we expect …

Cycle Of Disadvantage Or Oppression Is a theory which is based on the idea that poverty , low-paid employment or …

Catatonic schizophrenia A form of schizophrenia where the person may alternate between a state of rigid immobility and a state of …

Good Hart’s Law In its original form stated that where governments set a target for the money supply, the money …

Barter Occurs when people trade without using money by exchanging one good or service for another. It is used when …

Care Standards Act 2000 An Act of Parliament which was introduced to: • Make provision for the registration of children’s homes, …

Minerals  Inorganic substances many of which are essential for general health. Mineral     Source     Function     Deficiency Iron    …

Formal development outside of the work situation     Formal study programmes are presented by educational institutions, for example, colleges …

Activity-Based Costing Allocates central overheads  to a cost centre  in line with the estimated benefits received. For example, if the …

هل ترسل المقررات في صورة pdf للطالب عند دراسة تخصص ادارة موارد بشرية معكم ؟ يعتمد نظام الدراسة في عند …

Needs And Wants The preferences for particular consumer goods and services that people use as their basis for making the …

Equilibrium Is the notion of a market where demand  and supply  are equal to each other. In a product market, …

جامعة دَندي – University of Dundee Nethergate Dundee DD1 4HN t: 01382 383838 f: 01382 388150 e: [email protected] w: www.dundee.ac.uk/admissions/undergraduate/ …

Family Divisional Court Hears appeals on family matters from decisions by the Family Panel in the Magistrates’ Court . There …

Certification of Work Done: An interim valuation of work completed by a professional quantity surveyor or architect. The valuation will …

Claimant Count: The number of people who are claiming unemployment benefit. This is a rather rough and ready way of …

Theory Of Reasoned Action A theory that explains why sometimes attitudes are good predictors of a person’s behaviour, and sometimes …

Expenditure Simply means spending. Consumer expenditure and government expenditure are commonly used terms.

Interlocutory proceedings Preliminary proceedings in a civil case which take place before the actual trial. These can be on administrative …

Shock  An adverse reaction to a situation, accident  or disorder which causes a sudden drop in blood pressure  . This …

secondary data  is information collected from second-hand sources such as reference books, government statistics or market intelligence reports. Such data …

Product Trial Is the rate at which consumers in your target market buy or try your brand forﾠthe first time. …

School: Shetland CollegeStreet: GremistaTown: LerwickCounty: ShetlandPostcode: ZE1 0PXHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.shetland.uhi.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01595 695 514Fax: 01595 694 830  Type: …

Accumulated Profit Is the total retained profit a firm achieves over its lifetime. Also known as reserves  , accumulated profit …

Depression Is a mental health disorder. Depression may be indicated by the loss of social and emotional functioning which can …

Consignor Is the owner of goods that are sent to an overseas agent to be sold.

Population Growth: The rate at which the population increases. This may come from immigration or from a rising birth rate …

Determine Flooring Requirements     Flooring is one of the most important room elements because it is the foundation of …

Communication network This may be either physical or organisational and determine the distribution of communication within a group. In the …

Joint Demand Occurs when two items are consumed together, i.e. are complements. Examples might be shoes and shoe laces or …

Freedom of assembly The right to freedom of peaceful assembly is set out in Article 11 of the European Convention …

High-Street Banks Are the main British banks which accept deposits from customers and allow withdrawals by customers from their bank …

Bacillus A rod-shaped bacterial cell. Examples of bacilli include Lactobacillus bulgaricus which is found in yoghurt and salmonella, many species …

Menopause The cessation of menstruation  , usually occurring naturally in women between 45 and 55 years of age. It marks …

Securities Is a general term covering financial contracts such as bonds , shares and derivatives . In each case, a …

Production Budget Is prepared to determine whether the required future levels of production needed to satisfy the anticipated level of …

Interest Holiday: When banks allow a firm to postpone paying the interest charges on its bank loans. This may happen …

Differential Growth Rate This measures how different parts of the body grow and develop at different times and rates. For …

Citizenship: The extent to which a business acts as a good citizen, such as in clearing up its own mess …

Rate of Return: A measure of the profit earned in relation to capital invested. Various definitions of profit may be …

Egocentricity Means viewing the world only from one’s own perspective, and apparently being unaware that another person might have a …

Revenue expenditure:  Another term for revenue spending.

Qualitative data: Information that cannot easily be put into a numerical form, such as the opinions of a well-respected adviser.

Reward poster In contract law, this can constitute an offer , provided it is clear and specific enough. A person …

Franchisor:  The holder of the franchise  who will sell the local rights to suitable franchisees  . From the franchisor’s point …

قواعد اللغة الإنجليزية تعتبر اللغة الإنجليزية اللغة الأكثر استخداماً على مستوى العالم بعد لغة الماندرين الصينية و التي يتحدث بها …

Decree nisi A Latin phrase meaning a court order will be made unless a valid objection is made to it. …

School: Trinity & All SaintsStreet: Brownberrie LaneTown: HorsforthCounty: West YorkshirePostcode: LS18 5HDHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.tasc.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 0113 2837100Fax: 0113 …

Anorexia nervosa Refers to a type of eating disorder in which the person fears that they might become obese and …

Ability Refers to the qualities or skills that an individual possesses that enables them to carry out an activity without …

Gap (In the market): an identifiable market opportunity that has not yet been exploited. The term might be used in …

School: Abingdon Whitney CollegeStreet: Wootton RoadTown: AbingdonCounty: OxfordshirePostcode: OX14 1GGHeadteacher/Principal: Teresa KellySchool Website: http://www.abingdon-witney.ac.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01235 555 585 Fax: …

Group Undertaking Is the term used in the Companies Act 1985  for a subsidiary company .

Pre-tax Profit:  Profit before the deduction of corporation tax.

نظم المعلومات يشهد القرن الحادي والعشرين امتداد للثورة المعلوماتية الهائلة الممتدة من نهايات القرن العشرين و مع التطور التكنولوجي الهائل …

Circulation The passage of fluids around parts of the body. Examples of circulation in the body include: • The passage of …

Corporate Plan: The document that sets out how a business strategy is to be implemented. It will include details of: …

Asset Turnover: A measurement of a firm’s ability to generate sales turnover  from itsasset base. Its importance is that unless …

ما هو أشهر ماستر عن بعد ؟   تمثل برامج الماجستير التخصصي من بريطانيا التي تقدمها الأكاديمية العربية البريطانية للتعليم …

Consumer: A person who purchases or consumes a product. Manufacturers of children’s products are aware that their consumers are often …

Negotiation  Is a method of joint decision making involving bargaining between different firms or between workforce and management representatives within …

Commission for Racial Equality: The government organisation which aims to reduce racial discrimination in the labour market. Unemployment statistics and …

Experiment with Different Furniture Arrangements   After you have drawn a floor plan, determined the balance lines of the room, …

Central Bank Intervention Most often describes the process by which central banks buy the domestic currency in order to keep …

كلية جامعة فالموث – University College Falmouth Woodlane Falmouth Cornwall TR11 4RH t: 01326213730 e: [email protected] w: www.falmouth.ac.uk   ——————————————————————————————————————————–

Laboratory The term is usually used to denote a room where psychologists can observe behaviour while at the same time …

Freehold: The right to own a piece of land and/or property for evermore. A freehold can become a substantial, long-term …

School: Cornwall College, SaltashStreet: Church RoadTown: SaltashCounty: CornwallPostcode: PL12 4AEHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.saltash.ac.ukAlumni Website: Tel: 01752 850250 Fax: 01752 850261 …

Fertilisation Is the biological process which involves the fusion of a sperm with an egg. This usually takes place in …

Pupillage The final training stage for a barrister. It involves work shadowing an experienced barrister for a period of 12 …

East Surrey College (incorporating Reigate School of Art, Design and Media) Gatton Point North Claremont Road Redhill RH1 2JX t: …

School: Bexhill CollegeStreet: Penland RoadTown: Bexhill on SeaCounty: East SussexPostcode: TN40 2JGHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.bexhillcollege.co.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01424 214545 Fax: …

Corporate liability for crimes A corporation has a separate legal personality and can therefore be guilty of a crime. As a …

Cash Flow  Is the sum of cash inflows to an organisation minus the sum of cash outflows, over a specific …

Small Claims Procedure Less formal than the procedure in the ordinary County Court . Cases are heard by a district …

Preferential Creditors Must be paid before other creditors if a company goes into liquidation  .

Enterprise Culture: The state of mind commonly found in a market economy, where decisions are made on the basis of …

Dividends Are the share in the profits of a company distributed to its shareholders according to the rights which the …

After the Interview   Whenever someone takes time to assist you, make sure you thank them. Send a thank-you note to …

Mass Media Refers to the different forms of communication designed to meet the needs of a mass of individuals. Examples …

Commercial Banks Are those banks whose activities are directed at making a profit by borrowing from customers at an interest …

Consortium: A group of organisations which undertake to carry out a project in collaboration. For example, large construction projects such …

      Weight Training     Muscle power is the ability of the muscle to do maximum work within the shortest …

2 Important indicators of a health and safety culture     There are several outputs or indicators of the state of …

Decision Making A process which involves the client or patient discussing their treatment and care with their professional carers. This …

Childline A free, confidential, 24-hour helpline for children and young people in trouble or danger. Childline was set up in …

Gross Margin Is the percentage of sales revenue which is gross profit. FORMULA:   

Stress Is a term used to describe a condition being suffered by an individual who feels that they are unable …

The management of risk assessment   Health risks Risk assessment is not only concerned with injuries in the workplace but …

Inductive Reasoning Is the process by which general principles about whole populations are drawn based on the findings of research …

Ploughed-Back Profit Means profit retained within the firm. In contrast, the rest of the profit will be distributed to shareholders …

Labour, Demand for: The demand for labour reflects the demand for the product and is thus a derived demand . …

Respondent Literally, one who responds, although the term more usually applies to someone who answers questions as part of a …

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand Measures the responsiveness of demand for one good to a change in the price of another. …

Massed Practice An arrangement whereby an organism completes a series of learning trials without a rest period between each trial. …

Sunk Costs: Costs which have already been paid for and which no longer figure in the decision-taking process. For example, …

McKenzie Friend A non-legally qualified person who is allowed to assist you in court and help you question witnesses and put …

Selectivity     Control can break down because management attempts to control too much. The really important issues become submerged …

Demand-Pull Inflation Occurs when aggregate demand is greater than the capacity of the economy to meet it with an equal …

Straight Line Depreciation Means spreading the cost of a fixed asset  equally over its expected useful lifetime. For the purpose …

School: Lindeth College of Further Education (Special)Street: The OaksTown: Bowness-on-WindermereCounty: CumbriaPostcode: LA23 3NHHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.craegmoor.co.ukAlumni Website: Tel: 01539 446265Fax: …

Five Forces:  The main external factors determining whether a business can survive or thrive. This model was written by Michael …

Overtrading    Occurs when a firm expands without securing the necessary long-term finance, thereby placing too great a strain on …

Criminal legal aid Government-funded provision of legal representation for a defendant in criminal proceedings. The defendant must show that it …

Self-Actualisation An inner drive to grow and develop or a belief  that an individual can work towards recognising and developing …

Bowlby, John /1907-1990 Famous for his views on the importance of attachment  or bonding  . He investigated the bond that …

European Free Trade Association -EFTA Set up as a free trade  rival to the European Union (EU)  , this economic …

ما هي أهم المهارات الاحترافية التي تعمل على نجاح المشروع؟   ‏إن المفاتيح والطرق التي تؤدي إلى النجاح بسيطة. حيث …

Hostile Aggression An act of aggression where the intention is to directly harm or injure another person or object.

Scale of Production: Some production, e.g. of cars, will be undertaken on a large scale, because mass production is cheaper …

Barter Is the swapping of goods or services to conduct a non-monetary transaction. It is likely to be needed when …

كيف تساعد برامج إدارة الموظفين في تحقيق أهداف المؤسسات ؟    ‏تقوم المؤسسات بجذب و تعيين الموارد البشرية في إدارة …

Bank Columns In a traditional cash book  record lodgements  made by a business into the bank account held for the …

Collective unconscious A term usually attributed to Carl Jung , and meaning that part of a person’s unconscious that is common …

Gender The social identity of male and female not restricted to biological differences. 

Transitions  Are changes  which occur in a person’s life. These changes may require a period of adjustment and can relate …

Wernicke’s Area A region in the temporal lobe of the brain important in the interpretation of speech and reading. This …

جامعة ستافوردشاير – Staffordshire University College Road Stoke on Trent ST4 2DE t: 01782 292753 f: 01782 292740 e: [email protected] …

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder  An anxiety  disorder arising from a situation which has occurred in the life of the victim. This …

Semantic Differential Sometimes referred to as Osgood’s semantic differential, after Charles Osgood who developed it, this is a technique used …

Sweating your assets  Is a commonly used phrase indicating the importance of achieving a high asset turnover  ; in other …

  Summary of the main legal requirements Health and Safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 These Regulations set out employers’ duties …

 كيف يتم وضع خطة طوارئ السلامة والصحة المهنية في المصانع ؟ يتم وضع خطة الطوارئ في المنشآت الصناعية من خلال …

Outward-Looking Trade Strategies: Trade policies which encourage exports and allow imports. These have become important in developing economies because some …

Net Property Income From Abroad Is a term found in the national income statistics which refers to interest and profits …

School: Bournemouth and Poole CollegeStreet: North RoadTown: PooleCounty: DorsetPostcode: BH14 0LSHeadteacher/Principal: School Website: http://www.thecollege.co.uk/Alumni Website: Tel: 01202 747600 Fax: 01202 …

Rapid Eye Movement -REM- Sleep Refers to those periods of sleep which are characterised by eye movements and dreaming. In …

Paternity rights Fathers may take either one or two weeks’ paid leave after the birth of their child.

Disengagement A gradual increase in self-absorption and a corresponding decrease in involvement with the outside world that is thought to accompany …

Capital Goods Means equipment of any kind which can be used as an input to the production process. Some capital …

Inter-Firm Comparisons •    Of financial results can be used by managers as a performance indicator, or by potential investors as …

Consumption Means the level of all spending on consumer goods and services in the economy as a whole. It is …